Cloud Computing: VM & Container

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Traditional Era: In this era, we have physical servers, organisations ran their application on physical servers.It was expensive for organisation to maintain many physical servers. Virtualized Era:  It is allow you to run multiple virtual machine on a single physical server CPU. VM has own operating system that's why VMs are in heavy weight in nature.  HyperVisor *   creates VM on physical servers. Container Era: Containers are similar to VMs but they are light weight in nature because containers share machine's Operating system. Container RunTime Engine  *   help to creates container on physical servers. *HyperVisor: I t is known as vm monitor. It is a software that creates and run VMs.   Types of HyperVisor: HyperVisor- 1:   The hypervisor runs directly on the underlying host system. It is also known as a “Native Hypervisor” or “Bare metal hypervisor”. It does not require any base server operating system. It has direct access to hardware resources. Examples of Type 1 hypervi

Defenition of Insulators Conductors And Semiconductors in 2021

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1.)  Insulators are such materials in which the conduction cannot take place, due to the large forbidden gap. Examples: Wood, Rubber.

Characteristics:

·The Forbidden energy gap is very large.

·Valance band electrons are bound tightly to atoms.

·The value of forbidden energy gap for an insulator will be of 10eV.

 For some insulators, as the temperature increases, they might show some conduction.

·The resistivity of an insulator will be in the order of 107 ohm-meter.


2.) Conductors are such materials in which the forbidden energy gap disappears as the valence band and conduction band become very close that they overlap. Examples: Copper, Aluminum.

Characteristics:

·The free electrons available for conduction are plenty.

·A slight increase in voltage, increases the conduction.

·There is no concept of hole formation, as a continuous flow of electrons contribute the current.

The valence band and conduction band get overlaps.



3.) Semiconductor is a substance whose resistivity lies between the conductors and insulators. The property of resistivity is not the only one that decides a material as a semiconductor, but it has few properties as follows.

·Semiconductors have the resistivity which is less than insulators and more than conductors.

·Semiconductors have negative temperature co-efficient. The resistance in semiconductors, increases with the decrease in temperature and vice versa.

·The Conducting properties of a Semiconductor changes, when a suitable metallic impurity is added to it, which is a very important property.

Semiconductor devices are extensively used in the field of electronics. The transistor has replaced the bulky vacuum tubes, from which the size and cost of the devices got decreased and this revolution has kept on increasing its pace leading to the new inventions like integrated electronics.



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