Gyaan Series

What is Cloud Computing? A Cloud is a combination of services, network, hardware,storage and interfaces that helps delivering computing as a services. Types of Cloud 1.) Public Cloud: The set of Hardware, Networking, storage, services, applications and interfaces owned and operated by a third party for use by other companies or individual is the public cloud. 2.) Private Cloud:  The set of Hardware, Networking, storage, services, applications and interfaces owned and operated by an organization for the use of its employees, partners or customers. 3.) Hybrid Cloud: Most company use a combination of Public and Private cloud. Types of Services 1.) IAAS(Infrastructure as a services): IAAS is the delivery of services , including an OS, storage, Network and various utility software element on a request basis. Example are: Google compute Engine, Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure VM 2.) PAAS(Platform as a services): PAAS is a mechanism for combining infrastructure as a services with an abstracted s

MOSFET FETs have a few disadvantages like high drain resistance, moderate input impedance and slower operation. To overcome these disadvantages, the MOSFET which is an advanced FET is invented. MOSFET stands for  Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transistor or Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor . This is also called as IGFET meaning Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistor. The FET is operated in both depletion and enhancement modes of operation.  The following figure shows how a practical MOSFET looks like. Construction: The construction of a MOSFET is a bit similar to the FET. An oxide layer is deposited on the substrate to which the gate terminal is connected. This oxide layer acts as an insulator (sio2 insulates from the substrate), and hence the MOSFET has another name as IGFET. In the construction of MOSFET, a lightly doped substrate, is diffused with a heavily doped region. Depending upon the substrate used, they are called as P-type and N-typeMO

JUNCTION FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR The JFET is abbreviated as Junction Field Effect Transistor. JFET is just like a normal FET. The types of JFET are n-channel FET and P-channel FET. A p-type material is added to the n-type substrate in n-channel FET, whereas an n-type material is added to the ptype substrate in p-channel FET. Hence it is enough to discuss one type of FET to understand both. N-Channel FET: The N-channel FET is the mostly used Field Effect Transistor. For the fabrication of Nchannel FET, a narrow bar of N-type semiconductor is taken on which P-type material is formed by diffusion on the opposite sides. These two sides are joined to draw a single connection for gate terminal. This can be understood from the following figure.  These two gate depositions (p-type materials) form two PN diodes. The area between gates is called as a channel. The majority carriers pass through this channel. Hence the cross sectional form of the FET is understood as the following

FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR A  FET is a three-terminal unipolar semiconductor device . It is a voltage controlled device unlike a bipolar junction transistor. The main advantage of FET is that it has a very high input impedance, which is in the order of Mega Ohms. It has many advantages like low power consumption, low heat dissipation and FETs are highly efficient devices. The following image shows how a practical FET looks like.  The FET is a unipolar device, which means that it is made using either p-type or n-type material as main substrate. Hence the current conduction of a FET is done by either electrons or holes. Features of FET: The following are the varied features of a Field Effect Transistor. . Unipolar − It is unipolar as either holes or electrons are responsible for conduction. . High input impedance − The input current in a FET flows due to the reverse bias. Hence it has high input impedance. . Voltage controlled device − As the output voltage of a FET is co

BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRASISTOR A Bipolar junction transistor, shortly termed as BJT is called so as it has two PN junctions for its function. This BJT is nothing but a normal transistor. It has got two types of configurations NPN and PNP. Usually NPN transistor is preferred for the sake of convenience. The following image shows how a practical BJT looks like. The types of BJT are NPN and PNP transistors. The NPN transistor is made by placing a ptype material between two n-type materials. The PNP transistor is made by placing an ntype material between two p-type materials. BJT is a current controlled device. A normal transistor which we had discussed in the previous chapters come under this category. The functionality, configurations and applications are all the same.  

Types of Transistors There are many types of transistors in use. Each transistor is specialized in its application. The main classification is as follows.  The primary transistor is the BJT and FET is the modern version of transistor.